Linux Commands: ls -l

In Linux, the command ls is used to list the contents of a directory or to obtain information about files. When you just run ls, it will output a list of all files in the target directory, or all files that match the filename you passed. When you pass the -l flag, it will list information about each file.
the first thing the ls command lists about a file is a string of 10 characters. The first character is the file type(eg. d for directory, - for regular file, l for symbolic link). The next ten characters are the permission bits for that file. They are in groups of three, owner permissions, group permissions, and everyone else's permissions. Each one consists of three characters. A - is displayed if the permission bit is not set. The permissions are read(r) write(w) and execute(x). It is also worth noting that certain special bits may also be displayed in place of the permission bits(eg. sticky bit). The next thing displayed is the link count for the file/directory. The link count is the number of inodes that point to the data blocks of that file.
After the link count, the user and the group that own the file are displayed. The next thing that is displayed is the size of the file in bytes. The second to last thing displayed for the file is the date it was last modified. And finally, the last thing displayed is the filename itself.


It is official... Windows is the worst operating system ever made(every single version is tied for the worst). I just reinstalled windows on one of my church's computers, and after installing all the drivers I immediately went to download the anti-virus definitions. But that wasn't soon enough. I hadn't been on the internet for 5 minutes by the time I had contracted one of those newer viruses. You know, the ones that make your computer restart. At that point there wasn't much I could do because the virus made the computer restart about a minute after you start it, and it was gonna take 2 minutes to download the virus definitions needed to clean it. So I reinstalled.
In better news, Yoda is still being a good dog. Although Ethel is being a royal pain in the butt. She keeps attacking him because she wants his bone. When she does, Yoda tries to play with her, but she just keeps attacking him. Although, last night, Yoda did growl at her, hopefully he won't get sick of her attacking him before she get's bored of it. If he does, I have a feeling she will be in a world of trouble. He only weighs about 3 times more than she does. Hopefully, she will get used to him and leave him alone before that happens though.